If you have a strong hand, good ethics of work and the need to earn extra money, you can paint houses. Besides being a good painter and pay attention to the details, you’ll need to know how much to charge for the work you do. Rates and formulas vary, depending on whether you paint the inside or outside of a house. Your fees include labor, materials, ceiling height and the size of the surface to be painted.

Instructions

1. Determine the square footage of the area to be painted multiplying the measured width of each wall height and include the ceiling. Add those numbers. (Example: If the wall No. 1 is 10 feet (3 m) high by 10 feet wide, the wall No. 2 is 12 feet (3.6.m) by 10 feet, the wall is No. 3 10 wall 10 and No. 4 is 12 by 10, 420 square meters have to paint. Make sure you have all flat surfaces to be painted and estimated more if the ceiling is vaulted.
2. Please note the height of the room. In rooms with high ceilings, measures the top of the room separately, and you should charge more for the areas in which you need a ladder to paint. If a room is 10 by 12, but has 12-foot ceilings, calculated 288 (87.7 m) square feet below the 8-foot (2.4 m) separately from the remaining 176 feet (53.6 m) square, which They are above the line 8 feet.
3. Decide what your standard rate per square foot. Depending on your experience and the rate in the area where you live, charge between $ 1.50 and $ 3.50 per square foot. Base your rate per square foot on the amount of money you want to earn per hour and how quickly you can complete the job. For example, if you want to earn $ 100 per hour and you can paint a room 10 for 12 with 10 foot ceilings in 5 hours, you want to earn at least $ 500 in five hours.
4. Determines the cost of your materials and miscellaneous expenses, these include transportation, ladder or other equipment rental, painting (if you’re paying for it), tape, canvas and brushes. Add the cost of all the items and divide by the number of square feet you are painting. For example, if you are painting 420 square feet and the materials cost $ 210, you can safely add your price to 50 cents per square foot.
5. Based on the examples, if the room is 420 square feet and your rate per hour of work is $ 1.19 and the cost of materials is about 50 cents per square foot, you can charge $ 2.19 per square foot, or $ 709, $ 80 to paint the room.

Tips & Warnings

• You must know in advance the time you usually take to paint a room. You may want to practice in a room in your home. Note that you’re going to paint a room faster if empty and slower if you have to move or work around furniture. Use a similar method to determine what to charge for painting the exterior of a house. Remember that there will be more preparation work and you’ll be on a ladder most of the time.

If you’re looking to give an elegant touch outside of your home, look no further Stir in columns. They are a terrific way to decorate without spending too much time or money. You can customize them any way you want and will give any home an interesting new look. Learn how to calculate how much you need to build your own concrete columns.

How to calculate the amount of concrete for columns

1. Divide the columns you want to build in parts. For example, it could be an entire structure cylindrical or cylinder with a box on top where the roof supports. Determines the actions of each of these parts, height, width and length
2. Calculate the volume of each part. For a cylinder, one of the most common ways for a cement column, using the formula of “Pi radio height squared”. This means you must take the number Pi, multiplied by the radius squared of your column and then by its height.
3. Add the volume of the remaining forms to obtain the total volume of the column. You will have to convert this number in cubic yards. If you calculate the volume in inches, divide the result by 12 to convert to feet. Then divide that result by 27 to get it in cubic yards.
4. Use calculator concrete columns to check your answer. A link to this can be found in the “Resources” section below. Enter the height and diameter of the column and click on “Calculate”. The calculator will tell you the amount of cubic yards you need for your project.
5. Use calculators “wall blocks” and “concrete volume” plus calculator columns, to determine the amount of concrete needed if your project does not have a cylindrical shape.

The table of a carpenter can provide a convenient place to handle tasks such as cutting, gluing and perforation. It can also provide space for you to design projects without using the woodworking kitchen table or without working on the floor. This table should be durable to withstand the heavy wood and equipment such as drills and saws. Although you can buy a table for your carpentry workshop, building for yourself can be a successful project.

Instructions

1. Determines the height, width and depth you want for the carpenter table. The top of the table should have the waist, and must be large enough to accommodate your most ambitious woodworking projects.
2. Measured with a tape measure two sections of wooden 2 by 4 inches (5 to 10 cm) to the length of the table, and two additional sections for depth; cut sections to length with a circular saw. Ingle tea the ends of these sections 45 degree angle with a saw.
3. Mount sections of width and depth to form a rectangle. Drill two pilot holes in each corner – the holes should be less than 1/16 inch (0.16 cm) diameter wood screws. Insert a wooden screw 4 inches (10 cm) in each pilot hole and tighten them with an electric screwdriver.
4. Measure the inside depth of the rectangle. Transfer this measurement to the wooden sections 2 by 4 inches (5 to 10 cm) and cut them to size with a circular saw. You will have a section for every 12 inches (30.5 cm) length of the table – these sections provide additional support for her.
5. Place the inner support sections between sections of length of the upper structure of the table at intervals of 12 inches (30.5 cm). Drilling pilot holes through the length sections at the ends of the supports and attach them with wood screws of 4 inches (10 cm).
6. Place the frame on top of a sheet of plywood 5/8 inch (1.6 cm). Brand frame dimensions of plywood with a pencil. Short said the size of the wood structure with a table saw. Repeat this process with a second sheet of plywood 5/8 inch (1.6 cm).
7. Measure and cut four sections of 4 by 4 inches (10 by 10 cm) of wood about 5 inches (12.7 cm) shorter than the final height of the table Carpenter to form the legs of the same. Turn the frame on its edge, place the end of a leg against the corner of the frame, drill pilot holes through the frame at the end of the leg and insert wood screws 6 inches (15 cm) to secure the leg to the bottom of the table structure. Repeat this process for the remaining three legs.
8. Place the table upright. Place a sheet of plywood on top of the upper frame of the table and aligns the edges thereof with the frame. Make pilot holes at intervals of 4 inches (10 cm) through the wood in the frame and brackets. Insert and tighten the wood screws 4 inches (10 cm) to secure it to the frame.
9. Apply wood glue to the top of the sheet of plywood. Turn the table upside down and place it on the second sheet. Align the edges of the plywood sheets. Let the glue dry for an hour before turning the table again.

Tips & Warnings

• Ensures the metal brackets L-shaped each table leg and the bottom of the upper part of the table if you plan to use it to support very heavy objects
• Use leather gloves and goggles resistant to breakage protection during cutting and building your table Carpenter to avoid injury.

A hip beam extends diagonally downward from the crest of the top of the cover at the corner of the building (the top of the plate is horizontal 2×4 ​​or 2×6 joining the upper ends of the studs). Neither plan view (looking down from above) and no elevation view (looking building on an outer wall) shows the actual length of the beam hip (as there is in ground or in the elevation plane ), or indicates the angles of cuts required at each end of the beam hip. However, you can calculate the length and angles with measures taken in the plane and elevation views, and then use this information to reduce the beam to length and angles.

Instructions

1. Draw a vertical line “b” down the crest elevation of the top plate in the front view of the architectural drawing.
2. Draw a diagonal line “a” from the top deck of the corner of the building until the end of the ridge in the view of your architectural drawing.
3. Measure “a” and “b”. You can multiply this way “to” itself (which is the square of “a”), multiply “b” itself (the square of “b”) and add “to” square and “b” square together to find the value of “c” square. The formula looks like this: “a” squared plus “b” square equals “c” square, and is called Pythagorean Theorem. This way you can find the value of “c” (the square root of “c” square) on a calculator that is the length of your beam. But using the Internet, there is an easier way.
4. Find the value of “c” looking at any number of online math URLs, like the page of Paul Hsieh, Square Root. Put the value for the sum of “a” squared plus “b” will square and “c”. This is the length of your hip measurement beam from the top that is the maximum length.
5. Short hip beam to length with a rotary saw, carefully cut both ends precisely at right angles.

Determine the angles of cuts at either end of your beam

1. Mark the two lines describing these angles on your beam with a carpenter’s square. Cut the beam to the right angles with a rotary saw.
2. Make two side cuts, one on each side of the upper end of the hip rafter, which allows it to fit the space formed by the intersection angle of the beams that rise at right angles toward each other to join the ridge. This sounds more complicated than it is. There are online calculators that will determine these angles for you, but in practice, if you extend the hip beam in its approximate final position, you can get close enough just take a look, checking your framing square and making two cuts with a rotary saw.
3. Make two similar lateral cuts at the lower end of the beam, unless your building will have a forward. If so, leave long and short the correct length after placing.

The main difference between a chimney for a stove or a furnace stove is the way that smoke enters it. A fireplace has an opening at the bottom for removing ash, and an edge about 6 feet (1.8 m) above the ground where the pipe enters the stove burning. These, and the hole on the top, are the only openings in the grate. This is one reason why a wood oven is more efficient than a stove: radiates heat in the room, rather than go down the chimney with the smoke.

Make vertical fireplace and a solid base

1. Build the chimney above the basement floor. Consider cutting a square hole 4 feet (0.4 m) in the basement and put a concrete slab six inches (15 cm) thick. Fireplaces are very heavy. Having made an absolutely solid foundation for the fireplace began building it.
2. Put lines clay flue inside the chimney block. This reduces heat transfer through the chimney and creosote accumulation inside. Place lines flue one above the other with a thin layer of mortar between them. Build the lining, just ahead of the chimney block, around a block length before installing the next. Fill the space between the liner and the blocks with rubble in order to stabilize it.
3. Build each fireplace mantle six blocks. Alternate the joints between the blocks to keep the chimney intertwined. Check that is a vertical level frequently. Install a metal gate cleaning at the bottom of the chimney.
4. After making the blocks, cut a hole for the stove pipe with a hammer and cold chisel to 6 feet (1.8 m) above the ground. Clay install a sleeve sized to fit the stove pipe, and filled between the sleeve and chipped blocks with mortar.
5. The outer parts of the chimney must be lined with brick or stucco. Although often used outside, the concrete blocks are not meant to be exposed to the weather and deteriorate over time.
6. If it is an internal chimney that goes through the roof, you have to put flashing around the chimney to prevent leakage. If the chimney is brick front, install the flashing so that it is between the mortar joints between the bricks and then under the shingles that are about him and tiles that are below.

Opaque tile floors can make a room feel dirty even when you finish cleaning. The tiles lose brightness for a variety of reasons, including the shiny surface damage and dirt. The cleaning can leave a film inadequate resulting in dull and faded tiles, which can be solved with the correct cleaning method. Most floors are ceramic tiles, although there are options in porcelain, stone and linoleum. All tile floors except linoleum, respond well to the same cleaning methods.

Instructions

1. Daily sweeps the floors with a mop. Dirt particles left on the floor can scratch the tile, ruining the shine and gives them an opaque appearance permanently.
2. 1/4 cup vinegar mixture with 1 gallon (3.8 liters) of water if the tiles are opaque because of the fat, hard water or dirt buildup. Clean the floors with a sponge mop and vinegar solution.
3. Returns to clean the floors with clean water. Wring the mop frequently and change the water if it gets dirty or cloudy. Mops with dirty water left behind a thin film that reduces glare from the floor.
4. Mix one or two squirts of dishwashing detergent with 1 gallon (3.8 liters) of water if the floor is opaque, but not dirty. Clean the floors with this solution. Do it again with clean water to remove remaining detergent.

Tips & Warnings

• Commercial cleaners for tiles are also available. Use only cleaners formulated for specific material for your floors.
• Do not use vinegar on linoleum, since the acid product can damage the surface. Use detergent and water to restore the luster of this material.

Arrange furniture in a small bedroom is something that presents several challenges. You have to make room for a bed, wardrobe and other personal items without crowded display. Here are some tips for arranging furniture in a small room.

Instructions

1. Start by selecting suitable furniture for the room size. The bed should be as small as possible for those who will use them. This means that for a person the bed should not be bigger than a square and a couple should consider a double size bed.
2. Use modern, neat straight lines and take up less space than traditional full of furniture accessories.
3. Put one of the sides of the bed near or against the wall. For a couple this means that one side of the bed will have enough room for a bedside table. This will give people enough room to walk around the bed.
4. Use vertical space. Use high closets and cupboards that do not occupy much space while maximizing storage space.
5. Seize the hidden space. For extra storage space, drawers and containers used under the bed, some people can use creatively bedside tables made ​​of metal trash bins with a cover of wood and a tablecloth where clothing is not in use is stored.

Tips & Warnings

• Eliminate non-essential items in the room.
• If you want it in the room, put high on the wall or place it on a high cabinet.

Interior designers can make drab interiors look new and fresh, and even have their own TV shows and line items for the home. For those with a sense of style and a good eye for detail, interior designers become not only a good choice, but also a lucrative career. Understand the revenue potential of an interior designer can make obstacles in school and training worthwhile.

Identification

Interior designers are part artist and architect hand, and are based on philosophies learned in the classroom decoration and removed from their own aesthetic style. The average salary of an interior designer is between US $ 31,000 and US $ 57,000 for an interior designer with a degree in four years. Other factors such as the workplace and experience can significantly increase the revenue potential of an interior designer. Interior designers who make a name for themselves in a given market, and are identified with high-level design, can expect to earn much more than the average range.

Types

Some interior designers are employed in furniture stores as designers and construction materials. This type of employment is very constant, especially compared to independent designers contracted, but tends to deal with only one type of interior design. For example, an interior designer who works for a furniture store may have to be focused on a couch, table or other furniture in order to sell these items to customers. However, compensation for this kind of work is slightly above average, with an expected salary of US $ 36,650 to US $ 38,980.

Benefits

About a quarter of the interior designers were employed by architectural firms and engineering in 2013. Salaried interior designers working in architecture or engineering companies can expect a more stable employment and a higher salary than average of US $ 46,750. Some of the benefits of this type of employment include retirement, health insurance and the possibility of increased exposure through interior design projects of high profile.

Considerations

However, just over a quarter of interior designers were self-employed. While the work plans for interior designers who are self-employed is more irregular than those employed in retail or designs, reputation and success have more impact on earning potential. As a rule, interior designers working on their own charge an advisory fee according to their level of skill and reputation as well as a percentage of the cost of furniture, accessories and other products used to redesign an interior space. The average salary of an interior designer in 2013 was just over US $ 42,000, but employment may be sporadic.

Potential

Although 10 percent of interior designers with the lowest paid earned less than $ 25,000 a year, were usually self-employed or paid by commission in retail account, while 10 percent of designers Interior with higher pay earned more than tripled. The best-known interior designers or those who have a unique vision and a reputation for own designs can earn more than US $ 78,000 a year and have a stable job.

The sound travels in waves, and the key to sound insulation is to absorb these sound waves. You could spend a lot of money and completely remodel your room, but the sound insulation does not have to be expensive. Many people who have recording studios, podcasting and others in their home need a room that is acoustically insulated to reduce the noise from the rest of the house.

Instructions

1. Choose the right room. If you have the option to choose which acoustically isolated room, which is used in the floor above (if you have more than one floor), because it is difficult to isolate the ceiling, Choose a room that is as far away from the noise and appliances. If the walls of the room are not finished, as in a garage, add insulation and plasterboard.
2. Clear the room. Remove all wall hangings with furniture that is not essential. Sound travels best on flat surfaces, so remove tables, libraries or cupboards. If the room has a closet, decide whether you prefer isolate doors or if you want to get them out and insulate the walls of the closet.
3. Carpet the floor and ceiling. The thick wool rug is an ideal sound absorber. Unfortunately, you have to walk across the floor so this will have to stay even. The floor and ceiling must be the only flat surfaces of your room.
4. Cover all windows with cardboard (or fiberglass). If possible, use fiberglass or plasterboard on the windows.
5. Remove all flat surfaces and replace them with irregular surfaces. To do so, apply carpet walls with waveform.
6. Catch more sound waves. If you have the time and resources, short carpet squares of the same size (6 inches [15 cm] is fine), and cut square cardboard the same size and cover with carpet. Engram the square to the protruding wall of the room, If the walls of mini carpets are located close enough together, the sound will bounce between the walls and dissipate.
7. Isolate acoustically the door. Cover the inside of the door mat (leaves room for the knob), and applies until the door weather-strip fit as much as possible to the frame.

Tips & Warnings

• Buy pieces of carpet, or ask friends and families for carpets that are to replace.
• If you have the money, add fiber glass wall plates between the drywall and insulation.
• If you get a completely quiet room (as have many physics departments of the university), the floor will be uneven with glued pieces of carpet and a walkway suspended above the floor mesh.
• You can also apply acoustic foam on the walls, but it is expensive.
• Sound insulation is not pretty, so warn family or roommates before attempting to do so.

Outdated furniture can cause an entire kitchen look old, even if you’ve updated everything else recently. If the cabinets are in good condition and have no reason to replace them, restoring them is a cost effective way to update your kitchen without completely remodeling. In some cases, only replacing the hanging hardware and can make a big difference in the look of your kitchen cabinets.

Reface

The coated cabinets will change its shape, texture and color, in one step; to do so remove the doors and drawers and scrape out the hardware. Wrap a piece of plywood on the surface of the drawer and door to give it a new look. The plate comes in a variety of colors, styles and rolling, so chooses one that meets your needs.

Repainting

Repainting requires more time and materials, but is cheaper than coated or replacing the doors and drawers. This process requires you to remove the doors and drawers of cabinets; you take away the color and paint with a new twist. Consider adding a modern paint to cabinet doors and drawers of different colored frames touch. Another option is to use a faux finish, as old or cuts, to add a decorative touch.

Molding and borders

Sometimes the color of a cabinet is very good, but still need additional help. Consider using decorative moldings for cabinet doors by accentuate edges or by creating decorative patterns. You can also try to create a frame within frame cabinet doors. Make a frame around the edge using a decorative molding, then make an additional frame a few centimeters inwards from the first.

Ideas diverted

Cabinet doors can do more than hide ugly piles of dishes or Tupperware. With some minor changes may become part of the highly functional kitchen. Consider lining the front of one or two cabinet doors with corkboard or slate instead of paint or wood. This will give you a space to write notes to family members, post photos and write down reminders and even a shopping list.